| NO. | CHARACTERISTICS | REQUREMENT (AS PER ISO 13006 BIa / EN 176 BI a) | ISO / EN TESTING METHOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | DIMENSION & SURFACE QUALITY | ||
| 1 | Deviation in Length & width | Max. +/- 0.5% | EN-98;IS:13630 (Part 1) |
| 2 | Deviation in thickness | Max. +/- 5% | EN-98;IS:13630 (Part 1) |
| 3 | Surface flatness (Warpage) | Max. +/- 0.5% | EN-98;IS:13630 (Part 1) |
| 4 | Rectangularity (Squareness) | Max. +/- 0.5% | EN-98;IS:13630 (Part 1) | B | PHYSICAL PROPERTIES |
| 1 | Water Absorption | >/= 10% | EN-99;IS:13630 (Part 2) |
| 2 | Scratch Hardness of Surface (Mohs) | Min. 3 | EN-101;IS:13630 (Part 13) |
| 3 | Resistance to Surface Abrasion (of tiles intended for use on floors) | Abration class shall be specified by the manufacturer | EN-154;IS:13630 (Part 11) |
| 4 | Crazing Resistance | Required | EN-105;IS:13630 (Part 9) |
| 5 | Modulus of Rupture | Min.153 Kg/cm2 | EN-100;IS:13630 (Part 6) | C | CHEMICAL / THERMAL PROPERTIES |
| 1 | STAINING RESISTANCE | MIN CLASS 2 | EN-122;IS:13630 (Part 8) |
| 2 | HOUSEHOLD CHEMICALS | MIN CLASS B | EN-122;IS:13630 (Part 8) |
| 3 | THERMAL SHOCK | RESISTANT TO 10 CYCLES | EN-104;IS:13630 (Part 5) |
| 4 | THERMAL EXPANSION | MAX-9E-06 | EN-104;IS:13630 (Part 5) |
Awọn alaye imọ-ẹrọ fun awọn alẹmọ ogiri ti o da lori ISO 13006 bia / 3 176 bi awọn ajohunše. O pin si awọn apakan akọkọ mẹta: iwọn & didara dada, awọn ohun-ini ti ara, ati awọn ohun-ini kemikali / gbona.
Iwọn & didara dada ṣe idaniloju pe awọn alẹmọ farakan si awọn ajohunše kan pato ninu awọn ofin ti iwọn, apẹrẹ, ati iṣọkan dada. Awọn iyapa itẹwọgba ni ipari, iwọn, ati sisanra ti ni ilana tito lati ṣetọju ailagbara. Gẹgẹbi awọn ajohunše, awọn alẹmọ le ni iyapa ti o pọju ti +/- 0.5% ni gigun ati iwọn, ati +/- 5% ni sisanra. Ni afikun, awọn alẹmọ gbọdọ ni Warpage Warde (/- 0.5%) lati rii daju larinrin, ati pe wọn yẹ ki o wa ni iyapa alabapade ti +/. 05% ni onigun mẹta. Awọn wiwọn wọnyi jẹ pataki fun awọn alẹmọ lati ba awọn akoko daradara lakoko fifi sori ẹrọ daradara lakoko fifi sori ẹrọ ati lati ṣetọju aaye iṣọkan oju.
Awọn ohun-ini ti ara n ṣalaye iṣẹ tinile ni awọn ipo gidi, paapaa nigbati koko si aapọn ti ara. Ni akọkọ, gbigba omi gbọdọ jẹ ≥10%, eyiti o tọka si Tile jẹ ati ibamu rẹ fun awọn agbegbe oriṣiriṣi (gbigba omi ti o ga julọ ti wa ni gbogbogbo ni awọn alẹmọ ogiri). Awọn lile lile ti dada, wọn iwọn lori iwọn Moahs, gbọdọ jẹ o kere ju 3, eyiti o funni ni imọran bi o ṣe le sọ taile ṣe lati wẹ lati awọn nkan to wọpọ. Awọn alẹmọ ti a pinnu fun lilo pakà gbọdọ pade awọn ibeere redà iparun, pẹlu olupese ti n ṣalaye kilasi iparun. Awọn alẹmọ gbọdọ tun jẹ sooro si ikogun (fifọ didara) labẹ awọn ipo deede. Ni ipari, awọn ohun elo ti rupture (agbara tinile lati dojukọ fifọ fifọ) gbọdọ jẹ o kere ju 153 kg / cm ², aridaju awọn alẹmọ ni agbara to lati mu awọn agbara ita.
Awọn ohun-ini ti o ni kemikali / gbona ṣe afihan agbara tile si awọn abawọn, awọn kemikali, ati awọn ayipada igbona. Igbẹgbẹ ti o kere ju, pẹlu ibeere ti o kere ju ti kilasi 2, ṣe idaniloju pe awọn alẹmọ le ṣe ifihan ifihan si awọn nkan ti o wọpọ laisi gbigba titilai. Awọn alẹmọ gbọdọ tun koju bibajẹ lati awọn kemikali ile, ti a pin ni o dara fun kilasi B, ṣiṣe wọn dara fun awọn ibi idana ati awọn balù ti ifihan si awọn aṣoju ni o wọpọ. Fun agbara igbona, awọn alẹmọ gbọdọ ni anfani lati koju o kere ju awọn ọna irin-omi kekere ti o kere ju ti ohun ija igbona, aridaju pe wọn le mu awọn ayipada lojiji ni iwọn otutu laisi fifọ. Ni afikun, sofa imugbolori ti o lagbara ko gbọdọ kọja 9e-0e kọja 9e-06, afipamo awọn ti awọn alẹmọ nikan nigbati o han si ooru, mimu iduroṣinṣin igbekale lori akoko.
| NO. | CHARACTERISTICS | REQUREMENT (AS PER ISO 13006 BIIa / EN 176 BII a) | ISO / EN TESTING METHOD | A | DIMENSION & SURFACE QUALITY |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Deviation in Length & Width | ||
| a.The deviation in percent of the average size of each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the work size (w) | Max.± 0.6 | ISO-10545-2 IS:13630-1 | |
| b. The deviation in percent of the average size of each tile (2 or 4 sides) from the average size of the 10 test specimen (20 or 40 sides) | Max.± 0.5 | ISO-10545-2 IS:13630-1 | |
| 2 | Deviation in Thickness | Max.± 5.0% | ISO-10545-2 IS:13630-1 |
| 3 | Deviation in Straightness of sides | Max.±0.5% | ISO-10545-2 IS:13630-1 |
| 4 | Deviation in Rectangulanty | Max.±0.6% | ISO-10545-2 IS:13630-1 |
| 5 | Surface Flatness | ||
| a.Centre curvature (max.) | Max.± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 IS:13630-1 | |
| b.Edge curvature (max.) | Max.± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 IS:13630-1 | |
| c.Corner warpage (max.) | Max.± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 IS:13630-1 | B | PHYSICAL PROPERTIES |
| 1 | Water Absorption | Avg.3 < E < 6% Individual max. 6.5% | ISO-10545-3 IS:13630-2 |
| 2 | Scratch Hardness (Moh's scale) | Not Required | IS:13630-13 |
| 3 | Abrasion Resistance | Tested as per PEI methodology | ISO-10545-7 IS:13630-11 |
| 4 | Crazing Resistance | Required | ISO-10545-11 IS:13630-9 |
| 5 | Modulus of Rupture in N/mm² | Avg. 22, Individual min 20 | ISO-10545-4 IS:13630-6 | C | CHEMICAL / THERMAL PROPERTIES |
| 1 | Chemical Resistance | Required,if agreed | ISO-10545-13 IS:13630-8 |
| 2 | Resistance to household chemicals | Class AA, min. | ISO-10545-13 IS:13630-8 |
| 3 | Resistance to staining | Class 1, min. | ISO-10545-14 IS:13630-8 |
| 4 | Thermal Shock | Required,if agreed | ISO-10545-9 IS:13630-5 |
Iwọn & dada didara ṣe alaye awọn iyatọ iyọọda ninu awọn iwọn ati didara dada ti awọn alẹmọ ilẹ seramiki. O ṣeto awọn iyapa laaye ti o pọju ni gigun, iwọn, ati sisanra lati rii daju peteriormicity ati irọrun ti fifi sori ẹrọ. Iyatọ ni gigun ati iwọn ti pin si awọn ẹya meji: ọkan ti o ṣe afiwe iwọn tile si iwọn iṣẹ (iyapa ti o pọju ti ± 0.6% ti o pọsi ti ± 0 %). Iyatọ to pọ julọ ninu sisanra jẹ ± 5%, aridaju awọn alẹmọ ni ibamu pẹlu kikun ninu sisanpọ wọn. Ni gbooro ti awọn ẹgbẹ ati onigun mẹrin ni opin si iyapa ti o pọju ti ± 0,5% ati ± 0.6%, lẹsẹsẹ. Ni afikun, alakọja dada ni a ṣe iwọn nipasẹ aarin ati iṣupọ eti ati awọn ohun elo eti si ± 0,5% lati rii daju dan, paapaa daara.
Awọn ohun-ini ti ara ṣe apejuwe awọn abuda ti ara ti awọn alẹmọ, aidojukọ lori gbigba omi, lile, ati agbara. Gbigba omi ti awọn alẹmọ ilẹ seramiki gbọdọ wa laarin 3% ati 6%, pẹlu ẹni kọọkan o pọ fun ti o dara fun ilẹ inu ile nibiti o ṣe pataki. Sọrọ lile, wọn iwọn lori iwọn Moash, ko nilo fun awọn alẹmọ ilẹ seramiki. Ti ni idanwo resistance ipa ọna lilo ọna pei, eyiti o mu awọn alẹmọ le with ipa ọna ẹsẹ. Resistance crazing jẹ dandan, aridaju awọn alẹmọ kii yoo ni awọn dojui awọn dojui awọn dojui awọn dojui awọn ọja daradara lori akoko. Ohun elo ti rudutu, ti o ṣe ọna awọn alẹmọ ti 22, o yẹ ki o ni iye apapọ 22, pẹlu iye apapọ kọọkan ti 20 n / mm², nfihan pe wọn le mu titẹ jinlẹ ṣaaju ki o to gba titẹ lọpọlọpọ ṣaaju fifọ.
Awọn ohun elo kemikali / igbona kirekie ṣe iṣiro awọn alẹmọ 'resistance si awọn kemikali, idoti, ati ijaya igbona. Awọn alẹmọ yẹ ki o wa ni sooro kemically, paapaa ti o ba ti gba ibeere yii ni pẹlu pẹlu olupese. Wọn gbọdọ tun ni o kere ju kilasi a-resistance si awọn kemikali idile, afipamo pe wọn le ṣe ifihan ifihan si awọn aṣoju mimọ ti o wọpọ laisi ibajẹ. Igbaradi ti o kere si resistance si isosin ni kilasi 1, aridaju awọn alẹmọ wa mọ ati ki o ko ni isunmọ ni lilo deede. Wọn nilo fun ifaagun pajawiri ti gbona ti nilo ti o ba ṣalaye pe awọn agekuru lojiji lojiji laisi jijẹ, eyiti o jẹ pataki fun awọn alẹmọ ti a lo ni awọn agbegbe pẹlu awọn iwọn otutu ṣiṣan.
| NO. | CHARACTERISTICS | REQUREMENT (AS PER ISO 13006 BIa / EN 176 BIa) | ISO / EN TESTING METHOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | DIMENSION & SURFACE QUALITY | ||
| 1 | Deviation in length | ± 0.6% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 2 | Deviation in thickness | ± 5.0% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 3 | Straightness of sides | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 4 | Rectangularity | ± 0.6% | ISO-10545-2 |
| B | PHYSICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Water absorption | <0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 2 | MOH's hardness | >6 | EN101 |
| 3 | Flexural strength | >35 N/mm2 | ISO-10545-4 |
| 4 | Abrasion resistance | <175mm3 | ISO-10545-6 |
| 5 | Breaking strength | 1113N | ISO-10545-6 |
| Density (gm/cc) | >2 | ISO-10545-3 | |
| C | CHEMICAL / THERMAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Frost resistance | Frostproof | ISO-10545-12 |
| 2 | Chemical resistance | No damage | ISO-10545-13 |
| 3 | Thermal shock resistance | No damage | ISO-10545-9 |
| 4 | Colour resistance | No damage | DIN 51094 |
| 5 | Thermal expansion | < 9 x 10-6 | ISO-10545-8 |
| 6 | Stain resistance | Resistance | ISO-10545-14 |
| 7 | Moisture expansion | Nil | ISO-10545-10 |
Iwọn & dada didara didara awọn iyatọ pupọ ti o gba laaye fun awọn alẹmọ pipade, aridaju aitasera ati deede ninu iṣelọpọ wọn. Awọn alẹmọ 'gigun le ṣe adaye nipasẹ o pọju ti ± 0.6%, ati sisanra wọn nipasẹ ± 5.0%. Ni gbooro ti awọn ẹgbẹ ati onigun mẹrin wa ni ihamọ si iyapa kan ti ± 0.5%, ni ilodi, eyiti o ṣe iranlọwọ lati ṣetọju iṣọkan lakoko fifi sori ẹrọ. Awọn ifarada wọnyi jẹ pataki fun tito daradara ati ibaamu, aridaju pe awọn alẹmọ ti o dara ati iduroṣinṣin dada fun awọn agbegbe ijabọ giga bii awọn ọpọlọpọ ọkọ ayọkẹlẹ.
Awọn ohun-ini ti ara ti awọn alẹmọ ti o pa wa pataki si iṣẹ wọn ni awọn agbegbe ita. Gbigba omi gbọdọ wa ni isalẹ 0,5%, aridaju awọn alẹmọ jẹ sooro gaju si ọrinrin ati pe o dara fun tutu tabi ojo. Awọn alẹmi tun nilo lati ṣafihan idiyele lile lile Mohs ti o tobi ju 6, ti nfihan pe wọn sooro ga si fifa. Agbara fifẹ gbọdọ kọja 35 N / mm², eyiti o tumọ si awọn alẹmọ beerod, lakoko ti Abdea lodi yẹ ki o kere ju 172mm³, aridaju pe wọn le farada awọn ọkọ nigbagbogbo lati awọn ọkọ ati ijabọ ẹsẹ. Gbigbe agbara gbọdọ de ọdọ 1113N, aridaju awọn alẹmọ jẹ tọ labẹ awọn ẹru wuwo. Iwuwo ti awọn alẹmọ gbọdọ tobi ju 2 g / cm³, n ṣe afihan ikole nla ati agbara lati farada aapọn.
Awọn alẹmọ ti o pa gbọdọ ni anfani lati koju awọn ipo agbegbe ti o ni agbara, pẹlu ifihan kemikali ati awọn mimu otutu. Awọn alẹmọ jẹ Frost-sooro, ṣiṣe wọn dara fun awọn oju-aye tutu. Wọn tun gbọdọ koju ibajẹ lati awọn kemikali ati ijaya igbona, o ṣe idaniloju pupọ pupọ paapaa nigba ti o han si awọn ipo iwọn. Ala resistance ṣe idaniloju pe awọn alẹmọ ṣetọju irisi wọn lori akoko, botilẹjẹpe ifihan si imọlẹ oorun tabi ooru. Imugboroosi gbona jẹ opin si o kere ju 9 x 10⁻⁶, afipamo awọn ti awọn alẹmọ si pataki pẹlu awọn ayipada otutu, mimu iduroṣinṣin ti igbekale, mimu iduroṣinṣin igbekale. Wọn tun gbọdọ koju awọn idiwọ ati imugboroosi ọrinrin, aridaju pe wọn wa mọ ati iduroṣinṣin ni ọpọlọpọ awọn ipo oju ojo.
| NO. | CHARACTERISTICS | REQUREMENT (AS PER ISO 13006 BIa / EN 176 BIa) | ISO / EN TESTING METHOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | DIMENSION & SURFACE QUALITY | ||
| 1 | Deviation in Length | ± 0.6% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 2 | Deviation in Thickness | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 3 | Straightness of Sides | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 4 | Rectangularity | ± 0.6% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 5 | Surface Flatness | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 6 | Glosiness | - | GLOSSMETER |
| B | STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Water absorption * | < 0.5% | ISO-10545-3 |
| 2 | Density (g/cc) | > 2 | DIN 51082 |
| C | MASSIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Flexural Strength * | > 27 N/mm ² | ISO-10545-4 |
| 2 | Breaking Strength * | 1113 N | ISO-10545-4 |
| D | SURFACE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Mohs hardness * | > 6 | EN 101 |
| 2 | Abrasion resistance | >175 mm ³ | ISO-10545-6 |
| 3 | Skid Resistance (Friction Coefficient) | > 0.4 | ISO-10545-17 |
| E | CHEMICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Frost resistance | Frost proof | ISO-10545-12 |
| 2 | Chemical Resistance | No Damage | ISO-10545-13 |
| 3 | Stain Resistance | Resistant | ISO-10545-14 |
| F | THERMAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Thermal Shock Resistance | No Damage | ISO-10545-9 |
| 2 | Thermal Expansion | < 9 x 10-6 | ISO-10545-8 |
| 3 | Moisture Expansion | Nil | ISO-10545-10 |
Isepọ onisẹpo ati didara dada ti awọn alẹmọ Fancenain awọn alẹmọ jẹ pataki fun idaniloju pipe fun fifi sori ẹrọ. Awọn iyapa ti o pọju laaye fun gigun ati sisanra jẹ ± 0.6% ati ± 05%, lẹsẹsẹ. Ni gbooro ti awọn ẹgbẹ ati awọn iyapa onigun mẹrin ni a gbe ni ± 0,5% ati ± 0.6%. Ilẹ ilẹ gbọdọ duro laarin ifarada ti ± 0,5%, aridaju awọn alẹmọ dubulẹ alapin ati dan. Wentinentinens, ṣe deede ni lilo mita to baamu, ṣe idaniloju pe ko ni ipari dada ati awọn ibeere ihuwasi ati afihan.
Ṣe idiyele awọn alẹmọ ti awọn alẹmọ gbọdọ ni awọn ohun-ini igbekale si daju lati rii daju agbara ati iṣẹ igba pipẹ. Gbigba omi sisan ti ni ihamọ lati ni isalẹ 0,5%, ṣiṣe awọn alẹmọ wọnyi fẹrẹ to aipe ati o dara fun awọn agbegbe tutu. Iwuwo ti o tobi ju 2 g / CC tọkasi awọn alẹmọ 'ati iwapọ eto to dara julọ, mu agbara agbara ati agbara wọn pọ si.
Agbara damu ti idiyele idiyele ilọpo meji denain awọn alẹmọ fun awọn ẹru nla ti o ni iwuwo ati awọn titẹ. Agbara fifẹ gbọdọ kọja 27 N / MM%, ati gbigba agbara yẹ ki o kere ju 1113 n. Awọn ohun-ini wọnyi rii daju pe awọn ohun elo ibugbe ati awọn ohun elo iṣowo ti o kan Traf tabi iwuwo.
Awọn alẹmọ ni a nilo lati ṣafihan resistance dada giga si ọpọlọpọ awọn aapọn ẹrọ. Iwọn lile ti Moash ti o ju 6 tọkasi resistance ti o lagbara si fifọ, lakoko ti Abrasi retricy gbọdọ jẹ nla ju 175 mm³, o ṣe idaniloju gigun pupọ paapaa labẹ awọn ipo wọ. Agbara ikọlu gbọdọ tobi ju 0.4, n pese resistance stansistance, pataki fun idiwọ awọn agbegbe ni awọn agbegbe ti o han ọrinrin tabi ọna opopona loorekoore.
Awọn ohun-ini kemikali ti awọn ohun-ini kemikali fireemu mu ki wọn dara julọ sooro si ibajẹ ita lati awọn ipo agbegbe ti o nira. Awọn alẹmọ wọnyi jẹ eekanna-ẹri, ṣiṣe wọn dara fun fifi sori ẹrọ ni awọn ipe tutu. Wọn tun jẹ sooro si awọn kemikali ati awọn abawọn, pẹlu ko si idibajẹ ti o waye lẹhin ifihan si awọn kemikali ile-aye, aridaju titobi julọ ati iduroṣinṣin igbelaruge wọn ni itọju lori akoko.
Awọn alẹmọ wọnyi jẹ ẹlẹrọ lati koju ibajẹ lati awọn ayipada igbona. Olumulo Imuṣe ohun-isinku ti igbona ṣe idaniloju pe awọn alẹmọ le farada awọn ayipada lojiji ni iwọn otutu laisi maraki. Agbara imugboroosi igbona ko kere ju 9 x 10⁻⁶, o dinku eewu ti ibajẹ ti o ni ibatan. Ni afikun, awọn alẹmọ ko ṣe afihan imugboroosi ọrinrin, ni idaniloju iduroṣinṣin iduroṣinṣin rẹ ni ọrinọ tabi awọn agbegbe tutu.
| NO. | CHARACTERISTICS | REQUREMENT (AS PER ISO 13006 BIa / EN 176 BIa) | ISO / EN TESTING METHOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | DIMENSION & SURFACE QUALITY | ||
| 1 | Deviation In Length & Width | ± 0.60% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 2 | Deviation In Thickness | ± 5.00% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 3 | Straightness Of Sides | ± 0.50% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 4 | Rectangularity | ± 0.60% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 5 | Surface Flatness | ± 0.50% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 6 | Glosiness | ACCORDING TO SURFACE FINISH | GLOSSMETER |
| B | STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Water Absorption | ≤ 0.50% | ISO-10545-3 |
| 2 | Density (g/cc) | > 2 | DIN 51082 |
| C | MASSIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Flexural Strength * | > 35 N/mm ² | ISO-10545-4 |
| 2 | Breaking Strength | 1300 N | ISO-10545-4 |
| D | SURFACE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Moh’s Hardness | >6 | EN101 |
| 2 | Abrasion resistance | < 210 mm ³ | ISO-10545-6 |
| 3 | Skid Resistance (Friction Coefficient) | > 0.40 | ISO-10545-17 |
| E | CHEMICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Frost Resistance | Frost Proof | ISO-10545-12 |
| 2 | Chemical Resistance | No Damage | ISO-10545-13 |
| 3 | Stain Resistance | Resistance | ISO-10545-14 |
| F | THERMAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Thermal Shock Resistance | No Damage | ISO-10545-9 |
| 2 | Thermal Expansion | < 9 x 10-6 | ISO-10545-8 |
| 3 | Moisture Expansion | Nil | ISO-10545-10 |
Iṣiro deede ati didara dada ti ara ti ara tannal ni awọn alẹmọ ati fifi sori ẹrọ rọrun. Iyapa ni ipari ati iwọn ti ni opin si ± 0.60%, ati iyatọ sisan ni a kà ni ± 5.00%. Ni gbooro ti awọn ẹgbẹ, onigun mẹrin, ati alapin dada ni awọn idiyele ti o muna ti ± 0.50% ati ± 0.60% lati ṣetọju apejọ jiometric. Awọn iwinness jẹ wiwọn ni ibamu si ipari dada nipa lilo mita iru iru lati ba awọn ibeere kaestikisi pade.
Awọn alẹmọ Pannain ara ni kikun lati ni awọn ohun-ini igbekale to lagbara. A fi agbara gbigbẹ pamọ si ≤0.50%, aridaju pe wọn gaju si ọrinrin si ọrinrin ati pe o dara fun lilo ni awọn agbegbe tutu. Pẹlu iwuwo ti o tobi ju 2 g / CC, awọn alẹmọ wọnyi jẹ iwapọ ati logan, idasi si iṣẹ pipẹ wọn ni awọn agbegbe giga.
Agbara damo ti ara ni kikun awọn alẹmọ ti alẹmọ idaniloju pe wọn le ṣe idiwọ awọn ẹru pataki ati awọn titẹ tumọ laisi fifọ. Agbara irọrun ju 35 n / mm², ati agbara fifọ ni a ṣe iwọn ni ọdun 1300 n, ti o nfihan agbara wọn lati koju awọn ipa ti o wuwo ati ki o tọju iduroṣinṣin igbekale ninu awọn ipo ibeere.
Awọn alẹmọ wọnyi funni ni resistance ti o lagbara lati wọ aṣọ ati yiya. Pẹlu iyanju Mohs lile Mohs ti o tobi ju 6, wọn ṣe sooro ga si fifọ. Igbẹhin wọn jẹ iwọn ni <2110 mM³, aridaju ailagbara ninu awọn agbegbe ijabọ giga. Sincesis resistance stefacious ti> 0.40 ṣe idaniloju itan ti o to lati yago fun awọn itọsi, ṣiṣe wọn ni ailewu fun lilo awọn agbegbe pupọ.
Awọn alẹmọ titan ti o kun fun awọn ohun elo kemikali ti o dara julọ, jije Frost-ẹri ati sooro si ibajẹ lati ifihan kemikali. Frost reance jẹ ki wọn dara fun awọn fifi sori ita gbangba ni awọn apeere tutu. Wọn tun tako ariyanjiyan ati ibajẹ kemikali, ṣetọju irisi wọn ati iṣẹ wọn ni akoko.
Awọn ohun-ini igbona ti awọn alẹmọ wọnyi rii daju pe wọn le ṣe idiwọ awọn ṣiṣan ooru laisi ibajẹ. Igbẹkẹle oju ija gbona ti igbona ko si ohun mimu ti o waye nigba ti o han si awọn ayipada otutu lojiji lojiji. Imugboroosi igbona naa ni a tọju labẹ 9 x 10⁻⁶, ati awọn alẹmọ ni imugbolu ọrinrin odo, pese iduroṣinṣin ati igbẹkẹle ni awọn ipo ayika iyatọ. Awọn ohun-ini wọnyi ṣe awọn alẹmọ ti awọn alẹmọ ti o ni kikun fun lilo ita gbangba ati lilo ita gbangba.
| NO. | CHARACTERISTICS | REQUIREMENT (AS PER ISO-13006/EN14411 GROUP Bla) | ISO / EN TESTING METHOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | DIMENSION & SURFACE QUALITY | ||
| 1 | Deviation in length & width | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 2 | Deviation in thickness | ± 5.0% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 3 | Straightness in side | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 4 | Rectangularity | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 5 | Surface flatness | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 6 | Color difference | Unlterned | ISO-10545-16 |
| Glossiness | ACCORDING TO SURFACE FINISH | GLOSSOMETER | |
| B | STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Water Absorption | < 0.50% | ISO-10545-3 |
| 2 | Density (g/cc) | > 2.0 g/cc | DIN 51082 |
| C | MASSIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Modulus of repture | Min. 35 N/mm2 | ISO-10545-4 |
| 2 | Breaking strength | Min. 1300 N | ISO-10545-4 |
| 3 | Impact resistance | As per mfg. | ISO-10545-5 |
| D | SURFACE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Surface abrasion resistance | As per mfg. | ISO-10545-7 |
| 2 | MOH's hardness | As per mfg. | EN 101 |
| 3 | Skid Resistance (Friction Coefficient) | As per mfg. | ISO-10545-17 |
| E | CHEMICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Frost Resistance | Frost Proof | ISO-10545-12 |
| 2 | Chemical Resistance | No Damage | ISO-10545-13 |
| 3 | Stain Resistance | Resistance | ISO-10545-14 |
| F | THERMAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Thermal Shock Resistance | No Damage | ISO-10545-9 |
| 2 | Thermal Expansion | < 9 x 10-6 | ISO-10545-8 |
| 3 | Moisture Expansion | Nil | ISO-10545-10 |
Awọn ajohunše onisẹpo ati awọn ọna didara to dada fun GVT (awọn alẹmọ Vitrazed vitazed) tannilain ni idaniloju ireti giga ati iye dara. Awọn iyapa ni gigun ati iwọn ti dari laarin ± 0,5%, lakoko ti awọn iyatọ ti o nipọn ni opin si ± 5.0%. Taara, onigun mẹrin, ati alapin ilẹ ni gbogbo wa ni gbogbo wọn ti o tọju laarin ± 0,5%, aridaju deede bile optite deede lakoko fifi sori ẹrọ. Iyanjẹ ti wa ni wiwọn nipa lilo mita to da lori lori ipari dada, ati awọn iyasọtọ awọ gbọdọ wa ni igbin-int lati ṣetọju iṣọkan.
Awọn alẹmọ GVT Pannain ṣafihan awọn agbara igbekale ti Rock. Gbigba omi ko kere ju 0.50%, ṣiṣe awọn alẹmọ wọnyi dara fun awọn agbegbe ti o farahan si ọrinrin. Pẹlu iwuwo ti o tobi ju 2.0 G / CC, wọn jẹ iwapọ ati to lagbara, o ni idaniloju iṣẹ pipẹ ni giga ati awọn agbegbe ọrinrin giga.
Awọn alẹmọ wọnyi ni agbara ti o yanilenu, pẹlu modululu kan ti rupture (agbara fifẹ) ti o kere ju 35 n / mm², n fihan resistance resistance si titẹ ati aapọn giga si ijulẹ ati aapọn giga lati tàn ati aapọn giga si titẹ ati aapọn giga lati trading ati aapọn giga si titẹ ati aapọn giga si iteworo ati aapọn giga lati trading ati aapọn giga si titẹ ati aapọn giga si iteworo ati aapọn giga si sisọnu ati aapọn giga si iteworo Pipade agbara ti wa ni iwọn ni o kere ju 1300 n, eyiti o ṣe idaniloju pe awọn alẹmọ le ṣofo laisi titẹ pataki laisi fifọ. Ipa ikoro ni ipinnu nipasẹ olupese, siwaju ṣiṣe agbara ti awọn alẹmọ ni awọn ipo italaya.
Ilẹ-ilẹ ti o dada, Mohs lilenar - ati steance skraness ti ni idanwo da lori awọn afiwera ti olupese, aridaju pe Gancelain Awọn eekanna wọn ṣetọju iduroṣinṣin wa ilẹ ati wiwọ akoko. Awọn ohun-ini wọnyi jẹ pataki ni pataki fun awọn alẹmọ ti a lo ni awọn agbegbe opopona giga ati fun awọn roboto ti han si ikọlu airotẹlẹ.
Awọn ohun-ini kemikali ti Gvt awọn alẹmọ jẹ ki wọn dara julọ ati o dara fun lilo ita gbangba mejeeji ati lilo ita gbangba. Wọn jẹ ẹri-ẹri, ṣiṣe wọn ni bojumu fun awọn oju-aye tutu. Wọn tun dojuko ibajẹ kemikali, ṣafihan awọn ami ti wọ wọ inu awọn kẹmika ibinu. Ifiweranṣẹ wọn ti mu idaniloju pe dada wa ni mimọ ati pe o ṣetọju ẹbẹ ti aarọ julọ fun awọn akoko to gun.
Awọn alẹmọ Gvt Gvt Gvt jẹ sooro ga si oju-iṣẹ igbona, tumọ si pe wọn kii yoo kiraki tabi awọn bibajẹ nitori awọn ayipada otutu otutu. Awọn agbegbe imugboroosi igbona ni a ṣetọju ni isalẹ 9 x 10⁻⁶, ati imugboroosi ọrinrin ṣe awọn iwọn otutu ti o ni ṣiṣan tabi awọn agbegbe alarapọ-giga. Awọn ohun-ini igbona wọnyi jẹ ki wọn dara fun awọn miiran ati awọn fifi ẹrọ laaye.
| NO. | CHARACTERISTICS | REQUIREMENT (AS PER ISO-13006/EN14411 GROUP Bla) | ISO / EN TESTING METHOD |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | DIMENSION & SURFACE QUALITY | ||
| 1 | Deviation in length & width | ± 0.6% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 2 | Deviation in thickness | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 3 | Straightness in side | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 4 | Rectangularity | ± 0.6% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 5 | Surface flatness | ± 0.5% | ISO-10545-2 |
| 6 | Glossiness | - | GLOSSOMETER |
| B | STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Water Absorption | < 0.50% | ISO-10545-3 |
| 2 | Density (g/cc) | > 2.0 g/cc | DIN 51082 |
| C | MASSIVE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Flexural Strength * | > 27 N/mm ² | ISO-10545-4 |
| 2 | Breaking Strength * | 1113 N | ISO-10545-4 |
| D | SURFACE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Mohs hardness * | > 6 | EN 101 |
| 2 | Abrasion resistance | >175 mm ³ | ISO-10545-6 |
| 3 | Skid Resistance (Friction Coefficient) | > 0.4 | ISO-10545-17 |
| E | CHEMICAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Frost resistance | Frost proof | ISO-10545-12 |
| 2 | Chemical Resistance | No Damage | ISO-10545-13 |
| 3 | Stain Resistance | Resistant | ISO-10545-14 |
| F | THERMAL PROPERTIES | ||
| 1 | Thermal Shock Resistance | No Damage | ISO-10545-9 |
| 2 | Thermal Expansion | < 9 x 10-6 | ISO-10545-8 |
| 3 | Moisture Expansion | Nil | ISO-10545-10 |
Didara onisẹpo ati didara dada ti awọn eekanna tanlojulo iyọ ti o daju ati afilọ wiwo. Awọn iyapa ni gigun ati iwọn ni opin si ± 0.6%, lakoko ti o nipọn iyatọ ti wa ni iṣakoso laarin ± 0,5%. Awọn ẹgbẹ ti awọn ẹgbẹ ati onigun mẹrin laarin ± 0,5% ati ± 0.6% ni isalẹ, ṣiṣe idaniloju fifi sori ẹrọ daradara. Iyatọ alapin ilẹ ti ni ihamọ si ± 0,5%. Awọn ipo ti o ti di dada aaye ti o ni iwọn lilo biditites kan.
Awọn alẹmọ wọnyi ni awọn ohun-ini igbekale ti o dara julọ, ṣiṣe wọn dara fun agbegbe ibugbe ati awọn ohun elo iṣowo. Agbara omi ko kere ju 0.50%, eyiti o ṣe alekun ailera ninu awọn ipo tutu. Iwọn iwuwo tobi ju 2.0 g / CC, n fihan pe o lagbara ati iwapọ eto, eyiti o mu iye gigun ati iṣẹ ṣiṣe lapapọ ninu awọn alẹmọ.
Awọn alẹmọ Fanlain Fannain ṣafihan agbara ẹrọ pataki. Agbara iyara wọn tobi ju 27 n / mm², eyiti o tọka agbara agbara wọn lati koju ẹgan laisi fifọ. Agbara fifọ ni a ṣe iwọn ni 1113 n, n ṣe wọn atunyẹwo si awọn ẹru iwuwo ati titẹ.
Awọn ohun-ini dada jẹ pataki fun awọn agbegbe ti o han si ijabọ giga ati wọ. Awọn alẹmọ ni Mohs lile ti o tobi ju 6 lọ 6, pese agbara ti o ni agbara si awọn ipele ati ibajẹ dada. Wọn ṣafihan ijade ijade ijagba ju 175 mm³, itumo wọn ṣe idaduro didara dada wọn fun iye akoko to gun. Speance speece (olokun itan-odi) jẹ loke 0.4, aridaju dada dada lati rin lori, pataki ni awọn ipo tutu.
Awọn ohun-ini kemikali ti awọn iyọ iyọ iyọ ti o rọ ti awọn alẹmọ wọn ni awọn agbegbe oriṣiriṣi. Wọn jẹ ẹri-ẹri, ṣiṣe wọn ni bojumu fun awọn apeere tutu. Wọn tun ṣafihan ifarapa giga si awọn kemikali, fifihan ko si ibajẹ nigbati o han si awọn nkan ibinu. Reance wọn si sisọnu ti awọn ile-omi naa ṣetọju afilọ-ayeraye wọn lori akoko, paapaa ni awọn agbegbe prone si awọn ododo ati dọti.
Awọn alẹmọ wọnyi nfun awọn ohun-ini ti o dara julọ, ṣiṣe wọn dara fun awọn oju-ọrun Oniruuru. Wọn jẹ sooro si ohun-ija gbona, tumọ si pe wọn kii yoo kiraki tabi bajẹ nipasẹ awọn ayipada otutu otutu lojiji lojiji. Agbara imugboroosi igbona ko kere ju 9 x 10⁻⁶, ati pe wọn ṣe afihan eyikeyi iduroṣinṣin, aridaju ipo otutu ati awọn ipo ọriniinitutu.
| NO. | CHARACTERISTICS | REQUIREMEN (As per 2556 (part I) 1994) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | CRAZING TEST | No crazing up to 2 Cycle up to 5 hrs. Each Cycle up to 10 hrs. at pressure 0.34 to 0.37 Mps. |
| 2 | WATER ABSORPTION | Average Value should not exceed more than 0.5% |
| 3 | MODULUS OF REPTURE | Not less than 60 Mps. |
| 4 | CHEMICAL RESISTANCE | No less than of the glaze when compared with control sample |
| 5 | RESISTANCE TO STRAINING & BURNING | No stain shall remain on either of test piece |
| 6 | WAVY FINISH | None on all visible surface |
| 7 | DISCOLORATION | None on all visible surface |
Idanwo Crazing: Idanwo yii n ṣe agbekalẹ agbara ti glaze dada labẹ aapọn. Sanitary ware should show no crazing after undergoing two cycles of pressure treatment—each lasting up to five hours, and a total of ten hours at pressures between 0.34 to 0.37 MPa.
Gbigba omi: Alaye asọye yii fihan awọn gbigba omi iyọọda ti o pọju ti ohun elo naa. Iwọn apapọ gbọdọ ko kọja 0,5%, aridaju pe ọja naa wa fun ọrinrin ati pe o ṣetọju iduroṣinṣin igbekale.
Modululus ti rupture: Ohun-ini yii ṣe igbesẹ agbara ti ile-itara. Ohun elo ti rustlus ko kere ju 60 MPA, n tọka pe ohun elo le ṣe idiwọ aapọn nla laisi fifọ.
Ibaralẹ kẹfa: Awọn ẹja imọtoto gbọdọ ṣafihan resistance to peye si awọn kemikali. Ibeere yii ṣe idaniloju pe agbara glaze jẹ afiwera si apẹẹrẹ iṣakoso, jẹsẹmulẹ agbara rẹ lati koju ifihan ifihan laisi awọn oludoti.
Resistance si ṣiṣan & sisun: Iwa yii ṣe atilẹyin agbara dada lati koju awọn abawọn ati ooru. Ko yẹ ki o ko ni ariyanjiyan lori eyikeyi nkan idanwo lẹhin ifihan si awọn ipo pàtó kan, nfihan agbara ọja ati irọrun ti mimọ.
Pavy Pari: Pari pari ti aṣọ imototo yẹ ki o jẹ dan, ti ko ni iwa-ika lori eyikeyi awọn roboto ti o han. Croriterion yii ṣe itọju itẹwọgba irọjade ati lilo lilo to wulo.
Disiki: Igbona imototo ko yẹ ki o ṣafihan eyikeyi muritage lori awọn roboto ti o han. Eyi ibeere yii ṣe iṣeduro pe ọja naa da ifarahan ti o pinnu lori akoko, imudara itẹlọrun alabara ati itẹlọrun alabara.
| NO. | CHARACTERISTICS | STANDARD TEST | RESULT |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | APP. DENSITY KG/DM3 | EN14617-1 | 2.2-2.45 |
| 2 | WATER ABSORPTION | EN14617-1 | < 0.04 |
| 3 | FLEXURAL TRENGTH (MPA) | EN14617-2 | 50-60 |
| 4 | DIMENSIONAL STABILITY | EN14617-12 | CLASS A |
| 5 | IMPACT RESISTANCE (JOULE) | EN14617-9 | 4-9 JOULE |
| 6 | COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH (MPA) | EN14617-15 | 170-220 |
| 7 | ABRASION RESISTANCE | EN14617-4 | GROOVE LENGTH=21.1 MM |
| 8 | FROST RESISTANCE | DIN 52104 | COMPLIES WITH STANDARD |
| 9 | SURFACE HARDNESS (HOHS SCALE) | EN 101 | 6.0-7.0 |
| 10 | STAIN RESISTANCE | ANSI Z124.6 | PASS |
| 11 | WEAR & CLEANABILITY | ANSI Z124.6 | PASS |
| 12 | CHEMICAL RESISTANCE | ANSI Z124.6 | PASS |
| 13 | CHEMICAL RESISTANCE | EN14617-10 | CLASS C4 |
| 14 | RESISTANCE TO ACIDS | ASTM C 650 | NOT AFFECTED |
| 15 | LINEAR THERMAL EXPANSION (300-600) 0C-1 | EN14617-11 | 2.6x10-6 |
| 16 | BOILING WATER RESISTANCE | NEMA LD3-3.5 | PASS |
| 17 | HIGH TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE | NEMA LD3-3.6 | PASS |
| 18 | CIGARETTE TEST | ANSI Z124.6 | PASS |
| 19 | FIRE CLASSIFICATION | EN13501-1 | WALL CLADDING: B-S1-D0,FLOORING & STAIR: B-F1-S1 |
| 20 | SLIP RESISTANCE | EN 14231 | WET: 13-21 SRV, DRY: 43-53 SRV |
| 21 | REDIATION | GB 6566-2010 | COMPLIES WITH REQUIREMENT OF STANDARD |
| 22 | THERMAL SHOCK RESISTANCE | EN14617-6 | NO VISUAL DEFECTS AFTER 10 CYCLE |
| LOSS IN FLEXURAL STRENGTH = LOSS IN MASS = 0.02%-0.05% 0.07%-1.1% | |||
| 23 | FREEZE & THAW RESISTANCE | EN14617-5 | NO DEFECTS AFTER 25 FREEZE-THAW CYCLE |
| 24 | GLOSSINESS REFLECTION | % | 45-70 |
| 25 | SURFACE SLIP RESISTANCE HONED 400 | DIN 51130 | R9 |
| 26 | STATIC COEFFICIENT OF FRICTION | ASTM C 1028 | DRY: 0.8, WET: 0.6 |
Awọn alaye imọ-ẹrọ fun okuta mimọ ni ọpọlọpọ awọn abuda pataki to ṣe pataki ti o rii daju didara, agbara, ati ibaramu fun awọn ohun elo. Awọn sakani iwuwo ti o han gbangba lati 2.2 si 2.45 kg / DM³, n fihan eto ara rẹ logan. Ni afikun, gbigba omi jẹ kere, wiwọn ni kere ju 0.04%, aridaju pe okuta naa jẹ ọrinrin si ọrinrin. Awọn adase okun pọ laarin 50 MPA ti n ṣe afihan agbara rẹ lati koju awọn agbara beerond, lakoko ti agbara ẹgbin na de laarin 220 mPa, tẹnumọ rẹ agbara labẹ awọn ẹru inaro.
Awọn idanwo pataki miiran pẹlu resistance abrovace, pẹlu gigun gigun ti 21.1 mm, ati redanst frost, eyiti o ni ibamu pẹlu awọn iṣedede ile-iṣẹ. Okuta kumartz tun ṣafihan abawọn ti o dara, wọ, ati atako kẹmika, pẹlu awọn abajade ti o n tọka si awọn ikolu ti ko dara. Pẹlupẹlu, o kọja ọpọlọpọ awọn idanwo resistance ti gbona, pẹlu itutu omi farabale ati resistance giga-otutu. Iwosan, awọn alaye wọnyi jẹrisi pe okuta Quartz jẹ wapọ, ohun elo ti o tọ sii ti o tọ fun awọn ohun elo ati awọn ohun elo iṣẹ ṣiṣe ni ikole ati apẹrẹ.